Sunday, August 12, 2018

Introduction to Leadership and Management




Who is a Leader ?

Leader is a person who influences other people by inspiring, motivating and directing them on their activities to achieve group or organizational goals and objectives. Many people have dreams and ideas for a better future of themselves and their institutions and somehow most of these people cant get their dreams in their lives. Influencing of these people is a mental image grows inside the mind of leaders and it depends on his or her competency to perceive the things accurately and use them intelligently for a better future and sustainability of an organization. The leader is also a person who may have dreams like other people, but also has an ability to turn these dreams and ideas into reality. This is the basic difference between the dreamer and leader.

Leaders are following suitable strategic activities to gain higher-average outcomes and are fully conscious about planning strategically for the future of their organizations and take part in the effective enactment regarding these well-planned schemes (Jabbar and Hussein, 2017). The leaders role is very important in implementing a well-structured way to manage the behavior and attitudes of people working together. It also requires strong commitment of all the people who work together to achieve the common vision of organisation.


Definition of Leadership


As per Peter, (2016) Definition of leadership is a process which is not a trait or characteristic that resides in the leader, but an event that a leader affects and is affected by followers. It emphasizes that leadership is not a linear, one-way event, but rather an interactive event. When leadership is defined in this manner, it becomes available to everyone and it is not restricted to the formally designated leader in a group. Leadership involves influence and in other word. It is concerned with how the leader affects followers and we can say that without influence, leadership does not exist. Leadership that is based on occupying a position in an organization is assigned leadership. Team leaders, plant managers, department heads, directors, and administrators are all examples of assigned leadership. According to Azhar et al. (2012), Leadership has significant impact on determine the vision and mission of the organization and it facilitates the organization to execute effective strategies to achieve that vision. Leadership influenced employees, decision making process and strategic management process in order to facilitate the whole process. The strategy implementation is fully depends upon efficient decision making of leadership.

Leadership quality plays as a key role in forming and enforcing a strategy. It work as a link between  the heart of the institution with its body and leader is responsible for encouraging the institutions to become successful and this success comes out of making effective decisions for the formulation of strategy. Strategic leadership is a process that transforms organization into successful organization and it is the responsibility of leadership to motivate and inspire the peoples in the organization to work together and translate the organization’s vision into reality. Mostly in the organizations efficient leaders perform the common tasks in the strategy making and executing process (Jabbar and Hussein, 2017).


Relationship between Leadership and Management


Leadership and Management are two distinctive and complementary systems and each has its own function and characteristic activities. Management develops the capacity to achieve its plan. Managers are fulfilling this by planning, leading, organizing and controlling the organizational structure. Setting of jobs for accomplishing the organizational requirements, staffing with qualified individuals, communicating with those people, delegating responsibility are key elements. The leadership activity is aligning people and communicating a new direction to them for achieving given targets (Kotter, 2001).

Leadership is a process that is similar to management in many ways. Both leadership and management involve in influencing people. Leadership is concerned with effective goal accomplishment, and so is management. In general, many of the functions of management are consistent with the definition of leadership. But leadership is also different from management whereas management was created as a way to reduce discrepancies in organizations, to make them run more effectively and efficiently. Function of management is to provide order and consistency to organizations, whereas the primary function of leadership is to produce change and movement (Peter, 2016). Management is about involving accordance with rules and regulations of the organizational and leadership is about seeking adaptive and constructive change.

According to Peter, (2016), If an organization has strong leadership without management, the outcome would be meaningless or misdirected. To be an effective organization, it should nourish both competent management and skilled leadership. When managers are involved in influencing a group to meet its goals, they are involved in leadership. When leaders are involved in planning, organizing, staffing, and controlling, they are involved in management. Both processes involve influencing a group of individuals toward achieving goal and objectives of an organization.


References :

  1. Azhar, A., Ikram, S., Rashid, S. and Saqib, S. (2012) ‘The Role of Leadership in Strategy Formulation and Implementation’, International Journal of Management & Organizational Studies, vol. 1. 
  2. Jabbar, A. and Hussein, M. (2017) ‘The Role Of Leadership In Strategic Management’, International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah, Malaysia 5(5), pp. 99-106.
  3. Kotter, J. (2001) ‘What Leaders Really Do’, Harvard Business Reviews, pp. 3-4.
  4. Peter, N. (2016) ‘Leadership theory and practice’, 7th edn, SAGE Publications, United States of America, pp. 1-14.